Be it enacted by the queens most excellent majesty, by. Public health service providing funding for research and the cleanup of air pollution. A recent epa analysis of the clean air act amendments of 1990 caaa found that the benefits from caaa regulation far outweigh the costs by a factor of 30 to 1 with highbenefit estimates exceeding costs 90 to 1 the benefits and costs of the clean air act, 1990 to 2020. The air pollution control act of 1955 was passed concerns began to rise about the effects of using pesticides. Johnson passed the clean air act of 1963 to establish a federal program within the u. The clean air act of 1963 was the first of several u. The plain english guide to the clean air act pdf epa. However, in practice, the technologies that have been. Ecological solid waste management act of 2000ra 9003. Presentation of philippine clean water act of 2004 rehne. Clean air act text overview of the clean air act and air. This law established one of the most complex regulatory programs in the country.
Clean air act united states house of representatives. Nrdc legislative facts the clean air act is a genuine american success story and one of the most effective tools in u. These are the latest in a series of amendments made to the clean air act caa. Efforts to control air pollution in the united states date back to 1881, when chicago and cincinnati passed laws to. Clean air act s legacy and future in ghg regulations duration. Clean air act 1965 pl 89272 directed the secretary of health, education and welfare hew to establish emission standards for new motor vehicles. The last major change in the law, the clean air act amendments of 1990, was enacted by congress in 1990. The clean air act of 1963, 1965,1970,1977,1990 the clean air act the clean air act regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources. First legislation involving air pollution control, authorized program in the u.
Authorized enforcement proceedings, expanded ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections. In its first 20 years alone, the clean air act prevented. Ra 8749 philippine clean air act of 1999 smokefree albay network. The united states code is meant to be an organized, logical compilation of the laws passed by congress.
The clean air act of 1963 gave napca enforcement authority to attack. A guide to the air quality act of 1967 robert martin and lloyd symingtont i introduction on november 21, 1967 the president signed into law the air quality act of i967,1 the most important step to date in organizing governments response to the nations growing air pollution problems. And since the clean air act amendments in 1990, electricity production is up and prices are down. Act of 1963, which established funding for the study in 1970. Within six months of the publication of silent spring, congress passed the clean air act of 1963, the first federal law to regulate air emissions. Perhaps embarrassed by memories of the more clumsy and inept act of 1963, the u. A history of the clean air act and environmental protection agency 2, 3key federal legislation related to clean air is summarized below table i. Draft year 1963 amendment years 1965, 1970, 1977, and 1990 the clean air act is a national act. Incidents such as the 1948 donora smog in the industrial town of donora, pennsylvania alerted the american public to the deadly effects of air pollution. It is one of the united states first and most influential modern environmental laws, and one of the most comprehensive air quality laws in the world. In this act unless the context otherwise requires affected premises means any premises on which there are industrial works, the operation of which is in the opinion of an inspector likely to result in the discharge of smoke or fumes or gases or dust into the air.
In 1955, after many state and local governments had passed legislation dealing with air pollution, the federal government decided that this problem needed to be dealt with on a national level. The clean air act of 1963, 1965,1970,1977,1990 prezi. His hope was that the historic legislation would put the nation on a path to provide clean air, clean water, and open spaces for the future generations of america. Clean air act of 1970 an act to amend the clean air act to provide for a more effective program to improve the quality of the nations air. The first legislation involving air pollution was enacted in 1955, and authorized funds for air pollution research. It was sponsored by the ministry of housing and local government in england and the department of health for scotland, and was in effect until 1993.
The 1990 clean air act for criteria air pollutants requires that the choice of the best available control technology take into account nonair quality health and environmental impacts hahn and males, 1990. At its top level, it divides the world of legislation into fifty topicallyorganized titles, and each title is further subdivided into any number of logical subtopics. Clean air acts legacy and future in ghg regulations duration. Clean air act of 1963, 1970 and 1990 american historama. Philippine laws in protecting environtment elly brent baldovino.
Breathing easier because of the clean air act center for. Evolution of the clean air act overview of the clean air. This course made me realize the significant changes that can occur with the passing of a single law. The impact of the clean air act pubmed central pmc. The united states has made great progress since 1970 in cleaning the air, but the job is far from complete.
The united states underwent a huge transformation between 1960. Overview of the clean air act and air pollution us epa. It acknowledged there was a problem with air pollution in america, but mostly left the work of. Its success or failure has obvious consequences for the quality of the air we breathe. An act to consolidate the clean air acts 1956 and 1968 and certain related enactments, with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the. The clean air act was initially established in 1963, renewed in1970 and amended in 1977 and 1990. Despite these advances, the clean air act is under threat from both the legislative and executive branches of the government.
Chart, would appear to be as dark as or darker than shade 2 on the chart. The use of clean energy, including wind turbines and solar panels, helps to keep our air clean. I became very interested in the clean air act after taking a course in environmental law. Clean air act 1963, 1970, 1990 the 1970 clean air act and major amendments to the act in 1977 and 1990 serve as the backbone of efforts to control air pollution in the united states. Nov 11, 2009 ra 8749 philippine clean air act of 1999 smokefree albay network. Legislation passed since then has made several minor changes. This act may be cited as the clean air act of 1963. This report provides a concise summary of one of those statutes, the clean air act. The main guidelines of the clean air act were passed by congress in 1970.
Clean air act passed in 1963 to help regulate automotive and industrial emissions, protected endangered species imp. In 1952, over 3,000 people died in what became known as londons. Without setting standards, imposing hard deadlines, and providing enforcement, though, it fails to accomplish its goals. Department of health, education and services to create and enforce auto emission standards. The 1990 amendments also clean air act roles and responsibilities they also brief history of the clean air act i cloud which lingered for five days, in 6,000 of the towns 14,000 people. The clean air act, 1963 was a legislation that offered federal research aid, urged the development of state control agencies, and involved the federal government in interstate pollution issues. The clean air act, 1990 as amended, requires federal agencies to assess the impact that projects will have on air quality and to take actions to prevent air quality degradation. Portable document format pdf is a file format created by adobe systems for document exchange. An act to consolidate the clean air acts 1956 and 1968 and certain related enactments, with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the law commission and the scottish law commission. The 1963 act provided for research and project grants and included a provision to abate interstate pollution through an enforcement conference mechanism.
An act relating to the prevention and minimising of air pollution and for purposes connected therewith. November 15, 1990 marks a milestone in clean air act history, the signing of the 1990 amendments. The legal authority for federal programs regarding air pollution control is based on the 1990 clean air act amendments 1990 caaa. Sep 20, 2012 the clean air act, on december 17, 1963. This act set emission standards for power plants, steel mills and other industrial polluters. This legislation modified and extended federal legal authority provided by the earlier clean air acts of 1963 and 1970. All rules, regulations, orders, determinations, contracts, certifications, authorizations, delegations, or other actions duly issued, made, or taken by or pursuant to act july 14, 1955, the clean air act, as in effect immediately prior to the date of enactment of pub. The clean air act 1956 was an act of the parliament of the united kingdom enacted principally in response to londons great smog of 1952. Dec 18, 20 although the clean air act was first enacted dec. In a 2005 rulemaking, after conducting a thorough analysis of the language and legislative history of the two versions, epa described one way to reconcile them in a manner that comported with the overall thrust of the clean air act amendments of 1990. The clean air act of 1963 actually had a predecessor the air pollution control act of 1955. The clean air act of 1963 was one of the earliest attempts to address this problem.
It was amended first by the clean air act amendment in 1966, then by the clean air act extension of 1970 84 stat. Pdf is used for representing twodimensional documents in a manner independent of the application software, hardware, and operating system. The main objectives of the clean air act is to regulate air emissions from both mobile and stationary sources such as factories and. Air pollution control act of 1955 and clean air act of 1963. That is precisely what led president nixon in 1970 to sign the clean air act. Its goals are to use safe loweremitting alternatives, employ lowemission. The caa sets forth air quality standards and requirements to control pollutant release. The 1970 clean air act and major amendments to the act in 1977 and 1990 serve as the backbone of efforts to control air pollution in the united states. Environmental protection agency itself gave the 50th anniversary the cold shoulder instead. Environmental protection agency epa to establish national ambient air quality standards naaqs to protect public. A summary of the act and its major requirements congressional research service 1 introduction the authorities and responsibilities of the environmental protection agency epa derive primarily from a dozen major environmental statutes. The clean air act caa is the comprehensive federal law that regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources. The caa sets forth airquality standards and requirements to control pollutant release.
Air quality act of 1967 congress passes the first federal legislation aimed at reducing pollution. For four decades, the clean air act has protected people from the harm ful effects of air pollution. First federal legislation related to air pollution, authorized funds for research. The united states underwent a huge transformation between 1960 and 1990 in terms of air quality. The 1970 extension is sometimes called the muskie act because of the central role maine senator edmund muskie played in drafting the content of the bill. An act relating to the prevention and minimising of air pollution. Presentation of philippine clean water act of 2004 rehne gibb larena. The clean air act is the law that defines epas responsibilities for protecting and improving the nations air quality and the stratospheric ozone layer. The clean air act was created in 1963 and amended in 1970 and 1990 to ensure that. Clean air act and amendments codified generally as 42 u. The clean air act was initially established in 1963.